What is the primary purpose of data encryption?

The primary purpose of data encryption is to secure data by converting it into a coded format. This process transforms readable data, known as plaintext, into an unreadable format called ciphertext. The key element of encryption is that it ensures only authorized users, who possess the correct decryption key, can access and read the sensitive information. This is crucial for protecting data from unauthorized access, theft, or breaches, which is particularly important in the context of online data security.

Data encryption plays a vital role in maintaining confidentiality and integrity, especially when transmitting sensitive information over less secure networks, such as the internet. It helps organizations comply with regulations and standards concerning data protection and can also safeguard personal information against identity theft and fraud. By ensuring that even if data is intercepted, it remains unreadable without the proper decryption key, encryption is an effective means of preserving data security.