What does the principle of least privilege involve?

The principle of least privilege entails granting users the minimum level of access necessary for them to perform their job functions. This means that each user is given only the permissions essential to complete their tasks, reducing the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information or systems. By limiting permissions, organizations can better protect their data and systems, as it minimizes the potential for abuse or accidental alteration of critical information.

This principle is foundational in data security practices, as it helps to contain potential breaches and limits the impact of compromised accounts. When users have the least amount of privilege required, the surface area for an attack or mistake is considerably reduced. Consequently, if an account is compromised, the attacker would have limited access, minimizing potential damage.

In contrast, options that involve granting full access, giving administrative rights indiscriminately, or allowing unrestricted data access do not adhere to this principle and can lead to significant security vulnerabilities. These approaches increase the risk of unauthorized actions, data breaches, and overall weaken an organization's security posture.