What distinguishes HTTP from HTTPS in web security?

The distinction between HTTP and HTTPS primarily revolves around the security measures implemented in data transmission. HTTPS, which stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, employs SSL/TLS encryption protocols to secure the data exchanged between a user's browser and the server. This encryption ensures that any information transmitted, such as login credentials, credit card details, and personal data, is protected from eavesdropping and tampering by third parties.

In contrast, HTTP, or Hypertext Transfer Protocol, does not incorporate these security protocols and transmits data in plaintext. This lack of encryption means that any information sent over HTTP can potentially be intercepted and read by malicious entities, making it less secure for transmitting sensitive information.

Given the increasing need for data security in online transactions and communications, the use of HTTPS has become essential, particularly for websites that handle sensitive information. This fundamental difference in encryption and security measures is what separates HTTP from HTTPS, making option B the correct choice.